Economic theory traditionally suggests that monetary policy can influence the business cycle, but not the long-run potential output. Despite well documented theoretical and empirical consensus on money neutrality in the literature, the role of money as an informational variable for monetary...

Currently, the financial institutions are exposed to different types of risks, including the market, credit and operational risks; therefore, there has increased the need for new financial and analytical instruments for the risk management. Among the traditional ones we have the duration, which...

There is no doubt that the Iranian leaders are feeling the heat on all fronts. On the nuclear front the negotiations have practically stagnated, which can be translated to no sanctions lifting and hence no relief for the severely ailing economy. On the Syrian front Tehran and Hezbollah of...

Market integration is an important determinant of responsiveness and behavior of the markets needed to formulate price policies. Indian wholesale milk markets are correlated with varying degrees of integration. Paper uses monthly wholesale prices of milk for the period from April 1997 to...

In our previous paper “Can Trust Explain Social Capital Effect on Property Rights and Growth?” (Hall & Ahmad, 2013) we show that generalized trust data by the World Value Survey (WVS) are unable to yield sufficiently robust results in panel estimation due to missing observations problem. In...

Islamic Finance has evolved over the past few decades, and stands at over a trillion dollar today. At the foundations of Islamic finance lay the concept of risk sharing, and the purest form of it in the modern day finance is equity investments. Jurists mostly have a consensus on accepting the...

This study investigates the impact of trade openness on Malaysian exchange rate. The findings show that most of the variables are statistically significant and carried the expected signs. As predicted by the theory, the rise of the income level and stock market index in Malaysia will lead to the...

The relationship between financial development and economic growth is not conclusive in existing economics literature. The aim of this paper is to test two hypotheses: ‘supply-leading’ hypothesis and ‘demand-following’ hypothesis, using Laos time series data. The ARDL bounds testing...

The regulation of vertical relationships between firms is the subject of persistent legal and academic controversy. The literature studying vertical trade relationships seems to assume that an upstream monopolist prefers downstream competition over exclusive distribution arrangements. We derive...

The thesis is devoted to studying the role of systemic contradictions in social development, the consideration of objective reasons and the conditions of their occurrence, the relationship of systemic contradictions with the processes of formation of social interests, as well as the construction...