In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.

This paper describes economic developments in Eritrea during 1990–95. In 1993, despite strong growth in the industry and distribution sectors, real GDP growth was adversely affected by a substantial decline in agricultural output, owing to poor rain distribution, pest problems, and...

The most important challenge faced by the Djibouti authorities is to achieve high rates of economic growth in order to create employment opportunities for a rapidly increasing labor force and to alleviate rising poverty. In this paper, developments and the role of the financial system during the...

Ukraine's economic performance has been impressive with strong growth and declining inflation under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF). Executive Directors appreciated the macroeconomic performance, and emphasized that continued prudent monetary policies in combination with exchange rate...

Monetary developments in the first half of 2003 were largely in line with expectations, except for credit to the private sector, which has accelerated significantly in recent months. The overall deficit of the consolidated government was 4.5 percent of GDP in 2002–03, lower than the...

This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that in 2001, the South African economy felt the impact of a slowdown in global economic activity, which interrupted the modest upturn that started late in 1998. Driven mainly by a contraction in overseas demand that lowered export prices and volumes,...

This Selected Issues paper reviews empirical evidence on the main determinants of the real bilateral exchange rate between the Canadian and the U.S. dollars, with particular emphasis on the role played by cyclical and longer-term economic factors. The paper aims to identify the nature of the...

This paper discusses key findings of the Sixth Review Under the Extended Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) for Albania. The macroeconomic performance of the Albanian economy has been good overall, with sustained growth and low inflation. Weak infrastructure and...

Latvia's economy has emerged from the recession triggered by the Russian crisis. Executive Directors commended the strong economic growth and low inflation. They appreciated the open and liberal trade system and the soundness of the banking system. They emphasized the need to maintain fiscal and...

The first part of the study investigates Australia’s recent growth and productivity performance and then analyzes the impact of structural reforms on productivity growth. The short- and long-term effects of structural reforms on productivity growth are estimated using pooled and fixed...