We model a single-supplier, 73-store supply chain as a dynamic discrete choice problem. We estimate the model with transaction-level data, spanning 3,251 products and 1,370 days. We find two interrelated phenomena: the bullwhip effect and ration gaming. To establish the bullwhip effect, we show...

With strong government advocacy and encouragement, many manufacturers hope to enter the remanufacturing market. Manufacturers who have entered the remanufacturing market hope to increase their profits through effective decision-making. Using game-theoretic models, this study investigates...