This note considers Tobin's average Q in a framework where firms finance investment by equities and debt. The determination of its long-run equilibrium value Q° is based on positing equality of the loan rate and, adjusted for a risk premium, the return on equities. Q° can thus be characterized...

During the last 25 years, the stock market in the US has been strongly pro-cyclical in the presence of a counter-cyclical monetary policy. In this paper, we use an endogenous business cycle model to explore the factors contributing to a pro-cyclical stock market. A dynamic expectation structure...

In this paper, we investigate the temporal dynamics of correlations between sentiment indices worldwide. Employing the tools of Random Matrix Theory (RMT) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), our paper aims to extract latent information embedded in the interactions between economic and...

[Key Takeaways] * Monetary policy might be ineffective in its attempt to influence the borrowing conditions over the business cycle because of the existence of adverse endogenous factors (like an endogenous risk premium, for example) counteracting monetary policy. * The evolution of the stock...

We study the structural correlations in the Italian overnight money market over the period 1999-2010. We show that the structural correlations vary across different versions of the network. Moreover, we employ different configuration models and examine whether higher-level characteristics of the...

This note considers Tobin's average Q in a framework where firms finance investment by equities and debt. The determination of its long-run equilibrium value Q° is based on positing equality of the loan rate and, adjusted for a risk premium, the return on equities. Q° can thus be characterized...

During the last 25 years, the stock market in the US has been strongly pro-cyclical in the presence of a counter-cyclical monetary policy. In this paper, we use an endogenous business cycle model to explore the factors contributing to a pro-cyclical stock market. A dynamic expectation structure...

Targeted refinancing operations (TROs) have traditionally been used to improve the transmission of monetary policy, by providing incentives for banks to lend to the real economy. Through TROs, central banks provide refinancing facilities to banks at differentiated interest rates. The criteria...