We should consider that, if mankind was “born” in the African savanna, it was in the Middle East agrarian communities that it became “civilized”. Thus, as mentioned by O. Spengler, world history is largely the history of cities. Far from being a theoretical essay and challenging of...

This work pretends, as far as possible, contribute to the interdisciplinary dialogue about the study and comprehension of cities and urban spaces. Far from a theoretical and existing paradigms challenging essay, we will try to reflect about our personnel and professional experiences, Master...

In these last four or five years, the creation of a Maritime Cluster in Portugal has been an issue of first political and economic relevance in the Country. The enlargement of the Continental Shelf under national jurisdiction into a total surface of 2.2 millions square kilometres (with a...

The paper analyses the national and regional European maritime clusters according to the sea basin division proposed by the European Union Integrated Maritime Policy: Atlantic and Arctic oceans; Baltic, Black, Mediterranean and North seas. Besides the identification of all maritime sectors by...

Happiness is an aspiration of every human being, and can also be a measure of social progress. Yet can one say that citizens are happy? If they are not, what if anything can be done about it? (Helliwell, Layard, & Sachs, 2013, p. 3) Understanding cities and citizenship has become a common place...

We should consider that, if mankind was “born” in the African savanna, it was in the Middle East agrarian communities that it became “civilized”. Thus, as mentioned by O. Spengler, world history is largely the history of cities. Far from being a theoretical essay and challenging of...

This work pretends, as far as possible, contribute to the interdisciplinary dialogue about the study and comprehension of cities and urban spaces. Far from a theoretical and existing paradigms challenging essay, we will try to reflect about our personnel and professional experiences, Master...

In these last four or five years, the creation of a Maritime Cluster in Portugal has been an issue of first political and economic relevance in the Country. The enlargement of the Continental Shelf under national jurisdiction into a total surface of 2.2 millions square kilometres (with a...