We analyse congestion pricing in a road and rail network with heterogeneous users. On the road there is bottleneck congestion. In the train there is crowding congestion. We separately analyse proportional heterogeneity that varies the values of time and schedule delay scalarly in fixed...

In studying congestion tolling, it is important to account for heterogeneity in preferences of drivers, as ignoring it can bias the welfare gains. We analyse the effects of tolling, in the bottleneck model, with continuous heterogeneity in the value of time and schedule delay. The welfare gain...

The first-in, first-out (FIFO) queue discipline respects the order of arrival but is not efficient when customers have heterogeneous waiting costs. Priority queues, in which customers with higher waiting costs are served before customers with lower waiting costs, are more efficient but usually...