decades of reform in developing countries that placed export-led growth as the central paradigm, it examines the role of trade … improved export performance, without an equal emphasis on the mechanisms by which such exports would yield increased and stable … those economies. For instance, he points out that sub-Saharan Africa delivered its peak export performance of the last three …

In this paper, we examine the extent to which developing countries export more as a result of being officially labelled … is associated with substantially higher exports. This is particularly the case for LDCs that also export manufactured and … are, on average, not always beneficial in terms of increased export values for beneficiary developing countries but do …

LDCs for export diversification. But GVC participation cannot materialize without a proper trade environment. Some of the …

are highly dependent on this trade because imported goods destined for re-export pay the normal import duties. Recently … the region, and improved port and customs operations in Senegal and other neighboring countries. The current re-export …