Universitäten versuchen vermehrt exzellente Forschung nicht nur zu betreiben, sondern diese auch zu verwerten. Forschungsergebnisse und Erfindungen sollen durch einen bestmöglichen Wissens- und Technologietransfer in Industrie und Wirtschaft, die Wissenschaft fördern und finanzielle...

Patent trolls have many faces, since the media uses this expression in various ways. The patent troll phenomenon thus seems to be an ambiguous term that is discussed in several directions. This paper reveals that a patent troll as such has no distinct shape or appearance. Our analysis redeems a...

Universities are increasingly trying not only to pursue excellence in research, but further more to exploit its outcomes. A Knowledge and technology transfer of research results and inventions should be optimally posed to generate support and financial returns. The road from an invention to a...

Theoretical and empirical analyses about informal consortia are not yet able to entirely illustrate the informal standard setting landscape. This paper tries to provide a broad and comprehensive picture of informal standards consortia and their dynamic development in the past ten years. Analyses...

This article investigates the interplay between formal standards, essential patents and informal industry alliances such as consortia and patent pools. Building upon more than 6.200 declarations of essential patents to major international Standard Development Organizations (SDO), we investigate...

The development of formal ICT standards is a loose form of collaborative innovation: firms first develop rival technologies, some of which are then eventually selected in the standard. Against this background, firms often use informal consortia to define a clearer technology roadmap ahead of the...