As New Zealand charts its course toward a low-emissions economy, the quality of energy-sector and multi-sector modelling is becoming increasingly important. This paper outlines why models are useful for answering complex questions, provides a stocktake of energy-sector and multi-sector models...

New Zealand faces the challenge of using our land in ways that are not only resilient to future pressures and sustain our rural communities but also enhance our natural environment. For the public and private sectors to make robust land-use decisions under uncertainty, high-quality modelling...

No country has previously attempted to include either agriculture or forestry in an emissions trading system. The New Zealand government is planning to include both. This paper describes how they plan to do it, what some of the critical issues have been and some of the outstanding challenges. If...

We econometrically estimate the effect of transaction costs on the cost-effectiveness of the tradable permit market created during the US lead phasedown. We develop a methodology to identify transaction costs in the absence of price data. We find that refineries generally trade efficiently. We...

Natural Climate Solutions (NCS) have the potential to provide one-third of the climate mitigation needed to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees. But to achieve this goal, investments in NCS need to rapidly scale up, including private sector investments. Private actors seeking to engage...

This paper is the introduction to a book on global climate trading edited by Suzi Kerr and shortly to be published by Edward Elgar. The book presents an integrated discussion of the practical, economic and political issues involved in the implementation of Annex I trading, that is, trading of...