Using within-family variation from twins and siblings, I find that smokers earn approximately 16% less than nonsmokers … (ESHI) to examine the mechanism of whether the addiction or insurance component has a larger influence on earnings. While I …

Empirical studies on the earnings effects of tobacco use have found significant wage penalties attached to smoking … general failure in the literature to control for past smoking behaviour of individuals. Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS …) regressions show that the smoking wage penalty is reduced by as much as a third, if past smoking of individuals is controlled for. …

positive wage effect of about the same size. The wages of females are not affected by smoking and drinking. …

positive wage effect of about the same size. The wages of females are not affected by smoking and drinking. …