R&D intensity indicators are increasingly used not only for international comparisons, but also as targets for policies stimulating research. The two are of course intimately linked: it makes little sense to set a quantitative policy target when not knowing whether it is high or low compared to...

R&D intensity indicators are increasingly used not only for international comparisons, but also as targets for policies stimulating research. The two are of course intimately linked: it makes little sense to set a quantitative policy target when not knowing whether it is high or low compared to...

We analyze cross-country trends in technological progress over the period of 1980-2011 by examining citations data from almost 4 million utility patents granted by the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Our estimation results on patent quality and distance to the knowledge frontier reveal...

All in all, French, Italian and British companies are surpassed technologically more often than not by Swiss, Austrian and German companies. This technological delay does however not show up at the organisational level.

This paper examines differences in R&D productivity across a group of geographically adjacent economies. By distributing close to 355,000 patents across 18 industries in 11 countries, we find clear and systematic country patterns when taking into account differences in industrial structure,...

The aim of this paper is to survey the current inventive activities in nanotechnology (NT) based on the analysis of patent application to the European Patent Office. The current status of NT around the world, the increase in NT patent over the last 10 years will be discussed together with a...

The aim of this paper is to survey the current inventive activities in nanotechnology (NT) based on the analysis of patent application to the European Patent Office. The current status of NT around the world, the increase in NT patent over the last 10 years will be discussed together with a...

We analyze cross-country trends in technological progress over the period of 1980-2011 by examining citations data from almost 4 million utility patents granted by the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Our estimation results on patent quality and distance to the knowledge frontier reveal...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between firms' research and development expenditures (R&D) and their investments into fixed capital. The literature provides two contrasting views in this respect. The first view holds that a firm's research activity causes, via the creation of...