To reduce large files of data into manageable subsets of stocks marked for further review, bottom-up investors utilize spreadsheet software to sort key financial ratios calculated for all equities contained within. Flaws associated with the commonly used price-to-earnings (PE), price-to-book...

We examine the operating performance of preferred stock issuers using the sample of preferred stock issues during 1991-2000. We find the median profit margin and Return On Assets (ROA) of the preferred stock issuers deteriorate until the year of preferred issuance, hit the bottom in the year of...

The Wealth of a Nation is an authoritative history of trade and the politics surrounding it from the nation's founding to the present. Authored by former U.S. congressman and U.S. Trade Representative C. Donald Johnson, it offers a powerful defense of the post-World War Two liberal economic...