Expected utility theory (EUT) is currently the standard framework which formally defines rational decision-making under risky conditions. EUT uses a theoretical device called von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function, where concepts of function and random variable are employed in their...

Expected utility theory (EUT) is currently the standard framework which formally defines rational decision-making under risky conditions. EUT uses a theoretical device called von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function, where concepts of function and random variable are employed in their...

There is a great deal of debate in finance literature as to whether Capital Asset Pricing Model is empirically valid, and in particular whether beta can be properly measured. This paper proves that from a theoretical perspective CAPM leads to mathematical contradictions. In other words, CAPM is...

1. Introduction -- 2. Irrational foundations of "rational" behaviour in the standard paradigm -- 3. Contradictions of the Marxian paradigm -- 4. The new paradigm -- 5. Resolution of puzzles in microeconomics -- 6. Resolution of puzzles in finance -- 7. Resolution of puzzles in macroeconomics --...