Although the leaf-thin bracteates are the most fragile coins in monetary history, they were the main coin type for … monetary taxation policy. Medieval coins were frequently withdrawn by the coin issuer and re-minted, where people had to pay an …

-coinage, where old coins were declared invalid and exchanged for new ones. Re-coinage generated important revenues for the medieval … theme in this book is that medieval bracteates, thin uni-faced coins, are strongly connected to such re-coinage in the High … costs and a large diameter, which made it possible to vary the main design of the coins.Roger Svensson works as Associate …

of Coins and Medals at the Fitzwilliam Museum and Reader in Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic at the University of Cambridge …

The purpose of this study is to analyse which kinds of monetary taxation and coinage policies the minting authorities … applied in Sweden in the period 1153–1512. In medieval Europe, old coins were frequently declared invalid and were exchanged … experience is extraordinarily well in line with what one would expect from the theory of short-lived coins. Economic backwardness …