1. Is Transaction Cost Economics Behavioral? -- 2. Clarifying Key Terms and Philosophical Foundations of Transaction Cost Economics -- 3. Opportunism and Bounded Rationality in Transaction Cost Economics: Values, Attitudes, or Behaviors? -- 4. Modeling Bounded Rationality: Mediation or...

This paper explores the diminishing influence of national cultural distance on two subsidiary control issues, expatriate staffing and parent company ownership level of the foreign subsidiary. Previous studies have produced conflicting findings: one stream of research argues that when cultural...

This study contributes to the subsidiary control literature by empirically demonstrating the importance of FDI legitimacy in determining subsidiary ownership and expatriate staffing levels. Based on organizational ecology theory (OET), our study considers the tension between legitimation and...

Based on resource-dependence theory, we hypothesize a U-shaped relationship between multinational corporations’ subsidiary size and expatriate staffing level. Drawing on both resource-dependence and learning perspectives, the U-shaped relationship is further hypothesized to be moderated by...