When studies examine true effects, they generate right-skewed p-curves, distributions of statistically significant results with more low (.01s) than high (.04s) p-values. What else can cause a right-skewed p-curve? First, we consider the possibility that researchers report only the smallest...

Building on previous research in economics and psychology, we propose that the costliness of initial prosocial behavior positively influences whether that behavior leads to consistent future behaviors. We suggest that costly prosocial behaviors serve as a signal of prosocial identity and that...

Journals tend to publish only statistically significant evidence, creating a scientific record that markedly overstates the size of effects. We provide a new tool that corrects for this bias without requiring access to nonsignificant results. It capitalizes on the fact that the distribution of...

We revisit a recent failure-to-replicate the finding that arbitrary anchors influence monetary valuations. Though in the replication the point estimate is indeed not significantly different from zero, it is also not significantly different from a sizable effect. This is partially explained by a...

Because scientists tend to report only studies (publication bias) or analyses (p-hacking) that “work”, readers must ask, “Are these effects true, or do they merely reflect selective reporting?” We introduce p-curve as a way to answer this question. P-curve is the distribution of...

People like their names enough to unconsciously approach consciously-avoided name-resembling outcomes. Baseball players avoid strikeouts, but players with strikeout-signifying K-initials strike out more than others (Study 1). All students want A's, but C- and D-initialed students find...

Four field experiments examined the quantitative and qualitative forces influencing behaviors under consumer elective pricing called “shared social responsibility” (SSR, Gneezy, Gneezy, Nelson, & Brown, 2010). Under SSR consumers can pay what they want and a percentage of their payment goes...