We use a historical quasi-experiment to estimate the causal effect of trade on capital flows. We argue that fluctuations in regional rainfall within the Ottoman Empire capture the exogenous variation in exports from the Empire to Germany, France, and the U.K., during the period of 1859–1913....

This article surveys the literature on capital flows and leverage. We summarize results from the existing papers and document new facts. The empirical literature takes both a macro and a micro approach. The macro approach focuses on aggregate data both over time and in the cross-section of...

This study shows that corporate debt accumulation during credit booms can explain increases in sovereign risk during stress periods. Using detailed firmlevel database across six Eurozone countries, I construct granular instruments for aggregate corporate leverage. Instrumental variable...

This paper assesses two research questions: has the presence of foreign firms contributed to productivity increases in Turkey, and how could Turkey increase foreign direct investment inflows? First, the analysis applies dynamic regressions in differences over an AMADEUS firm-level data set....