We examine the extent to which environmental regulation affects innovation and which policy types provide the strongest … environmental technology innovation. At the firm-level, however, environmental policy tightening leads to higher innovation activity … in technologies mitigating climate change, while the effect on innovation in other technologies is muted. This suggests …

innovation is a crucial productivity driver, a potential crowding out of inventive efforts could increase the cost of mitigating …. However, we do not find negative effects on the number of ongoing R&D projects, investments in innovation-related fixed assets … or on the outcome of innovation projects. Likewise, for firms with subsidy-backed environmental innovations no crowding …

innovation is a crucial productivity driver, a potential crowding out of inventive efforts could increase the cost of mitigating …. However, we do not find negative effects on the number of ongoing R&D projects, investments in innovation-related fixed assets … or on the outcome of innovation projects. Likewise, for firms with subsidy-backed environmental innovations no crowding …

theoretical insights and empirical findings on motivation crowding effects with economic instruments for biodiversity protection …. First, we synthesize the psychological mechanisms behind motivation crowding effects relevant for environmental behavior as … inconsistent terminology and methods, and iv) the complexity stemming from cultural and contextual heterogeneity. We conclude that …