(horizontal and vertical). We hypothesize and find that: (1) central vertical keiretsu firms are more profitable than central … horizontal keiretsu firms; (2) central horizontal keiretsu firms have greater profit stability than central vertical keiretsu … firms; (3) central vertical keiretsu firms are more profitable than non-central vertical keiretsu firms; and (4) central …

umbrella organization plays a chain coordinator role in horizontal coordination. The umbrella organization leads, directs, and … makes major decisions. A country director/programme manager acts as a strategic coordinator in vertical coordination …

In order to examine if the impact of oil price shocks depends on the structure of an economy, a vertical (VSC) and a … horizontal (HSC) long-run supply curve identification are successively imposed on a three variable VAR with Indian time series …

be effective? Whether the mechanistic and vertical delivery system will achieve the health care to all sections of …