Reforms to the public distribution system in Chhattisgarh that focused on extending coverage, improving delivery and increasing transparency have led to its remarkable revival. An overwhelming majority of the beneficiaries are now satisfied with the way their ration shops function and are firmly...

Cu, Al, and Ti films of ~ 10 nm thickness were deposited on porous silicon (PS) at room temperature using Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc system and annealed at 800°C for 10 min in vacuum. The PS layers were obtained by anodization of Si wafer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence...

Photoluminescence, photoabsorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study revealed that an optical transition of porous silicon from red-shift to blue-shift, and Si-2p binding energy transition from low to high at a critical anodization temperature, 343 K. Possible origin for the reverse...