Double degrees represent the next generation of exchange programmes. Rather than simply giving a taste of another legal system, as does the traditional Socrates-Erasmus year abroad, double degrees aim at providing students with a complete bi-legal education: they lead to the award of two...

This paper, in French, was presented at the conference Securite juridique et droit economique (Legal Certainty and Economic Law) organized by the CREDECO of Nice (France) under the direction of Prof. Laurence Boy, Siriainen and Racine, on October 26, 2006.The objective is to describe the...

As the title indicates, the paper focuses on whether the FSA imposes sanctions which are of a criminal nature but which are not presented as such. At the origin of the question are human rights issues. If the FSA were not to recognize as imposing criminal sanctions, the proceedings should be...

Criminal liability rests upon the capacity of the person to distinguish between what is legal and illegal. Loss of this capacity, through insanity for example, stops the person to be held liable before a court of law. Only medical treatment will be sought. Such legal strategy expresses a...

The articulation between the defenses of insanity, automatism and diminished responsibility seems overly complex and inappropriate. Common sense struggles to associate sleepwalking (Burgess), epilepsy (Sullivan) or diabetes (Hennessy) with insanity; schizophrenia or psychosis call for insanity,...

This paper studies how the law conceives the relations between society and a person around one component of an individual's identity: the person's name. By giving a name, and transcribing it into the civil status registers, society recognizes an individual's existence. However, society may also...

Hate crime evokes hate speech, but to assimilate one with the other would not do justice to the diversity of behaviors encompassed by the expression quot;hate crimequot;. A first overview of the notion is necessary in order to highlight the key features of offenses involving hatred. A particular...

Difficulties abound as to where the boundary between legitimate and illegitimate processing of personal data must be set. The open-ended wording of the EU Data Protection Directive (DPD) 95/46 leaves space for diverse interpretations. Taking stock of the criticisms of the European Court of...