Prior literature finds that earnings management is negatively correlated with institutional ownership. The question is whether institutional investors drive down earnings management of the firms they invest in, or they choose firms with lower earnings management. In this paper, we use the...

We study the strategy of shorting a pair of leveraged ETF and inverse leveraged ETF of the same index. The profitability of this strategy does not depend on the direction of the underlying benchmark. We derive an approximation formula to show that the expected return is high when the weighted...

Future Economic Information Embedded in High Yield SpreadsThe financial accelerator mechanism, also called credit channel theory (Bernanke and Gertler [1995] and Bernanke and Gertler, and Gilchrist [1996]), assumes external financing is more costly than internal financing in the absence of full...

We extend previous studies on the effect of non-marketability on stock prices, and examine a very unique short-lived repeating non-marketability that lasts for only less than one day in China. Using the equity call warrants that are not subject to this trading constraint as a control, we provide...

In this paper, we study the performance of hated stocks, those stocks with the average analyst recommendation level of hold or worse. We show that from the beginning of 2009 to the end of 2014, this group of hated stocks in S&P 500 performs better than the other stocks in S&P 500. When we extend...