The two most prevalent theories of why people punish others—retribution and deterrence—focus exclusively on outcomes: the objective material welfare and the subjective well-being of the offender and the punisher. However, many if not most acts of revenge seem to be oriented not so much...

We examine whether belief-based preferences - caring about what transgressors believe - play a crucial role in punishment decisions: Do punishers want to make sure that transgressors understand why they are being punished, and is this desire to affect beliefs often prioritized over distributive...

In this chapter we summarize how economists conceptualize beliefs. Moving both backward and forward in time, we review the way that mainstream economics currently deals with beliefs, as well as, briefly, the history of economists’ thinking about beliefs. Most importantly, we introduce the...

We propose an alternative account to the conventional theory of belief homophily--that people have an intrinsic distaste for encountering differences in beliefs. We argue that when people face others who hold beliefs different from their own, they do not find these encounters disturbing because...

Individuals tend to underprepare for rare, catastrophic events because of biases in risk perception. A simple form of broad bracketing — presenting the cumulative probability of loss over a longer time horizon — has the potential to alleviate these barriers to risk perception and increase...

Default options may provide a low-cost way of influencing behaviour without modifying incentives and constraining choices between alternatives. We study whether defaults can be used to increase insurance coverage against low-probability/high-impact risks, like floods, and whether past flood...

Individuals tend to underprepare for rare, catastrophic events because of biases in risk perception. A simple form of broad bracketing—presenting the cumulative probability of loss over a longer time horizon—has the potential to alleviate these barriers to risk perception and increase...

Default options may provide a low-cost way of influencing behaviour without modifying incentives and constraining choices between alternatives. However, an improved understanding is needed on whether they are effective when individuals have experience with making the choice in practice and have...

Az ártámogatási mechanizmusokat 1992 óta fokozatosan felváltották a termeléstől független közvetlen kifizetések, amelyek enyhítették a KAP negatív mellékhatásait. A jelenlegi KAP ugyanis kevésbé torzítja az európai és globális agrárpiacokat, mérsékli a fejlődő...