Since the end of World War II, the German banking system underwent many dramatic changes, however, the Sparkassen movement has remained in its current form since 1778. Through its localised structure, it has continued to act as a cornerstone of the German economy, accounting for over a third of...

Controlling for the polarity and subjectivity of social media data based on the development of the COVID-19 outbreak, we analyse the relationships between the largest cryptocurrencies and such time-varying realisation as to the scale of the economic shock centralised within the...

As student numbers in the Irish higher education system continue to grow, the escalating funding crisis within the system needs to be urgently addressed. This conversation must also consider the dynamic relationships and funding limitations possessed by a range of system stakeholders including...

The ICL model as outlined in current policy discussions cannot work in Ireland due to the high probability of default. The Irish system is neither small enough or large enough to make an ICL work. As it stands in any ICL scenario a minimum of 10 years of losses would have to be absorbed by the...

This paper presents an exploratory analysis of the funding mechanisms for higher education across sixteen countries which builds upon existing work on educational institutions, educational outcomes and welfare regimes. We focus upon the current financing dilemma within the Irish higher education...

Sustainability in the public finances. This was the mantra of the IMF-ECB-EC Troika bailout. How was sustainability achieved? Mainly by changing aspects of the budgetary process. Ireland was required to submit the entirety of its budgetary framework for external scrutiny by the Troika and...

Establishing the relation between oil price movements and macroeconomic performance is of great importance for firms and policymakers, alike. Prior studies established this relation using the assumption that the long-run relation is intertemporally constant. However, there is much recent...

We show that the statistical properties of gold are negatively correlated with equities and that including Gold in a portfolio will provide diversification benefits. As there is no consensus on the proportion of gold that should be included in a strategic portfolio allocation we propose a visual...

The full-text version of this paper can be found at: "https://ssrn.com/abstract=3102438" https://ssrn.com/abstract=3102438. This online appendix provides supplemental discussion and analysis for our manuscript The Determinants of IPO Withdrawal - Evidence from Europe. The supplemental...

A concern often expressed in relation to cryptocurrencies is their environmental impact associated with increasing electricity consumption which is currently unregulated. To assist researchers and policy makers, we developed a new Index of Cryptocurrency Environmental Attention (ICEA) based on...