The GUDP (Grossly Undervalued Domestic Product) results in a black market of domestic work that women are contributing to for absolutely nothing. However, competition authorities may have a role in reducing the GUDP by prioritising those markets in which women supply the biggest share of unpaid work

Along with London, New York, Frankfurt and Singapore, the financial district of Hong Kong has always played a major role in the global financial services industry. Despite its small size, Hong Kong is well integrated into the financial networks that drive the global economy. In wholesale and...

Identifying the optimal policy approach for competition authorities to deal with information exchange between competitors is a challenge. The law has made clear that under some circumstances sharing information is deemed anti-competitive, and in other circumstances it will be permitted. However,...

The European Commission introduced in its 2006 revision of the Leniency programme the concept of ‘marker' which is a temporary protection for potential leniency applicants while they prepare a full leniency application. The object of the marker is to grant companies some predictability on the...

Interim measures have the potential to be an effective and cost-efficient way for businesses with limited budgets to change the behaviour of companies that raise competition concerns. The threshold for interim measures was lowered in the UK, and the UK competition authority (the CMA) has made...

Much has been written about most favoured nation clauses or agreements in the context of online platforms (also known as retail MFNs), and the challenges faced by competition authorities in assessing the potential anti-competitive nature of such agreements. The perceived absence of a clear legal...