Achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires an overall and well-balanced achievement of all SDGs rather than cherry-picking a few. While assessing the evenness of SDGs achievement is extremely important, such analysis devoted to measure the evenness,...

Dramatic fluctuations in oil prices from time to time demand more research that can evaluate the impact of oil price shocks across the globe. Using a large-scale structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model that allows for an evolving parameter structure and that covers 60 oil-importing and...

We extend Jurado et al. (2015)’s forecast-error-based uncertainty measure to the international context, and construct a new measure of global uncertainty. We examine dynamic causal effects among global uncertainty and other global macroeconomic variables, and provide two important applications...

Urbanisation and agriculture have been commonly used in the studies of carbon emissions. However, the issue of convergence of carbon emissions and intensity across countries with different urbanisation and agrarian structures has been under-researched. Unlike previous studies, we examine whether...

The significant achievements in economic growth and urbanization in China have led to substantial increases of and great inequality in household carbon footprints (HCFs) recently. To achieve efficiency and justice in emissions reduction, policymakers need to fully understand the sources of HCFs...

Government leaders around the world are designing national strategies to improve financial inclusion for populations traditionally excluded from the financial markets. Financial literacy is a key tool being used to bring economically vulnerable populations into the financial mainstream. Data...

Financial inclusion plays an important role in giving households greater access to borrowing opportunities, which in turn can be used to improve human capital accumulation, socioeconomic status, and long-run economic development. One way to enhance households' access to and usage of the...