The dynamic trade-off view of capital structure is based on partial adjustment models that find that firms adjust towards target levels. In this paper, we estimate the speed of adjustment based on the first difference of the lead leverage levels (actual lead) and lag leverage levels (actual lag)...

Our paper estimates the speed of moment adjustment based on the first difference of the lead (t 1) leverage levels (actual lead) and lag (t-1) leverage levels (actual lag) to the first difference of simulated lead (target) leverage levels and lag levels (actual lag leverage) for firm level data....

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the use of problem-based learning (PBL) with engineering students at a technical university in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approach: The setting provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of PBL, since Universiti Kuala...

This paper estimates firms' speed of adjustment by measuring the difference between simulated debt levels (target) and actual leverage (observed) levels to the difference between real leverage levels and lag levels based on the unit of observation (firm level) data. We test the impact of...