This second edition of this publication provides an overview of important contemporary issues relating to foreign direct investment (FDI) and multinational enterprises for all those who are interested in this subject, but are not always in a position to follow diverse perspectives and what is...

Investor-state arbitration (ISA) is a treaty-based form of arbitration by which a state agrees, in advance, to be the object of a claim in arbitration by a private investor who claims to have suffered financial loss as a result of violation of one or more standards of treatment set out in the...

In late 2008, as financial markets were crashing, the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment launched the Columbia FDI Perspectives. The first Perspective, entitled “The FDI recession has begun,” correctly forecast an FDI recession in the following year. From that first...

Since the genesis of modern international investment law dating back to 1959 with the first bilateral investment treaty (BIT) signed between Pakistan and Germany and the emergence of international trade law in the form of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994, which can be traced back to...

The proliferation of RTAs is a recognized feature of our time. While such agreements are permitted under Article XXIV of the GATT, this has not been without controversy and one aspect which remains unclear concerns the role decisions rendered by RTA dispute settlement bodies play in WTO cases....