The goal of this paper is to undertake a panel data investigation of long-run Granger causality between electricity … in the long-run both electricity consumption and real GDP have a bidirectional Granger causality relationship except for … the Middle East where causality runs only from GDP to electricity consumption. Finally, for the G6 panel the estimates …

electricity consumption and economic growth for Fiji within a multivariate framework through including the labour force variable …. We use the bounds testing approach to cointegration and find that electricity consumption, GDP and labour force are only … from electricity consumption and labour force to GDP, implying that Fiji is an energy dependent country and thus energy …

This paper investigates the causal relationship between electricity consumption and real GDP by applying the bounds … suggest that there is long-run unidirectional causality between electricity consumption and real GDP. The source of causation …, bidirectional causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth is observed. The findings give implications …

This paper examines the causal relationship between electricity consumption, exports and gross domestic product (GDP … feedback effects between these variables. A 1 per cent increase in electricity consumption increases GDP by 0.04 per cent, a 1 … in electricity consumption. The policy implications are that for the panel as a whole these countries should invest in …