Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the motivations for and variations in terms of stock option modifications under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 123(R). Stock options are used to motivate and retain employees. Unfortunately, when stock prices decline,...

Purpose – The objective of this research is to examine the effect of a broad‐based option program on voluntary employee turnover. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines the effect of a broad‐based stock option program in a Fortune 100 company during the 1990s and uses...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that director turnover varies in predictable and intuitive ways with director incentives. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a sample of 51,388 observations pertaining to 13,084 directors who served 1,065 firms during the period...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the Enron scandal, Arthur Andersen's demise and the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act on audit fees. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses empirical methodology (univariate and multivariate). Findings – Audit fees and the Big‐4...