We show that nonbanks (funds, shadow banks, fintech) reduce the effectiveness of tighter monetary policy on credit supply and the resulting real effects, and increase risk-taking. For identification, we exploit exhaustive US loan-level data since 1990s and Gertler-Karadi monetary policy shocks....

We investigate the connections between bank capital regulation and the prevalence of lightly regulated nonbanks (shadow banks) in the U.S. corporate loan market. For identification, we exploit a supervisory credit register of syndicated loans, loan-time fixed effects, and shocks to capital...

During the Industrial Revolution technological progress and innovation became the main drivers of economic growth. But why was Britain the technological leader? We argue that one hitherto little recognized British advantage was the supply of highly skilled, mechanically able craftsmen who were...

In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluß die Veränderungen der Rahmenbedingungen für die industrielle Fertigung in den 1990-er Jahren auf die Struktur des verarbeitenden Gewerbes und die strategische Ausrichtung der Unternehmen hatten. Insbesondere sollten Wirkungsbeziehungen...

In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluß die Veränderungen der Rahmenbedingungen für die industrielle Fertigung in den 1990-er Jahren auf die Struktur des verarbeitenden Gewerbes und die strategische Ausrichtung der Unternehmen hatten. Insbesondere sollten Wirkungsbeziehungen...

Leveraged term loans are typically arranged by banks but distributed to institutional investors. Using novel data, we find that to elicit investors' willingness to pay, arrangers expose themselves to pipeline risk: They have to retain larger shares when investors are willing to pay less than...

We examine the role of universities in knowledge production and industrial change using historical evidence. Political shocks led to a profound pro-science shift in German universities around 1800. To study the consequences, we construct novel microdata. We find that invention and manufacturing...

Do firms use credit line drawdowns to finance investment? Using a unique dataset of 467 COMPUSTAT firms with credit lines, we study the purpose of drawdowns during the 2007-2009 financial crisis. Our data show that credit line drawdowns had already increased in 2007, precisely when disruptions...