reduces both moderate and extreme violence. The reason is that a high penalty keeps relatively 'gutless' individuals from … relatively 'tough' individuals to commit moderately violent acts and so makes moderate violence more attractive for otherwise …

double dividend in that it reduces both minor offenses and more severe crime. We develop a model of criminal subcultures in … attractive for some people who would otherwise commit more severe crime. If social status is sufficiently important in criminal … subcultures, zero-tolerance reduces crime across the board. -- status concerns ; street crime ; subcultures ; penalties ; zero …

double dividend in that it reduces both minor offenses and more severe crime. We develop a model of criminal subcultures in … attractive for some people who would otherwise commit more severe crime. If social status is sufficiently important in criminal … subcultures, zero-tolerance reduces crime across the board …

double dividend in that it reduces both minor offenses and more severe crime. We develop a model of criminal subcultures in … attractive for some people who would otherwise commit more severe crime. If social status is sufficiently important in criminal … subcultures, zero-tolerance reduces crime across the board …

reduces both moderate and extreme violence. The reason is that a high penalty keeps relatively "gutless" individuals from … relatively "tough" individuals to commit moderately violent acts and so makes moderate violence more attractive for otherwise …

This paper asks whether social movements taking place on Twitter affect gender-based violence (GBV). Using Twitter data … link this data to weekly crime reports at the federal state level from the United States. We exploit the high … point out that Twitter tweets related to GBV lead to a decrease in reported crime rates. The evidence shows that …

reporting and domestic violence. Along these two key dimensions, we find that female officers improved police quality. Crime …We study the impact of the integration of women in US policing between the late 1970s and early 1990s on violent crime … area, and especially domestic violence, are reported to the police at significantly higher rates. There are no such effects …

associated with more violence directed towards police. We do, however, note a nationwide positive correlation between the …

We study the impact of the integration of women in US policing between the late 1970s and early 1990s on violent crime … reporting and domestic violence escalation. Along these two key dimensions, we find that female officers improved police quality …. Using crime victimization data, we find that as female representation increases among officers in an area, violent crimes …