We investigate trade integration between members of the EU, NAFTA and Mercosur. The paper evaluates the ease of access to each of those markets from each other based on a benchmark consisting of trade within countries. This methodology, often labelled border effects, furnishes a new tool for the...

We develop a new general equilibrium model of trade with heterogeneous firms, variable demand elasticities and endogenously determined wages. Trade integration favours wage convergence, boosts competition, and forces the least efficient firms to leave the market, thereby affecting aggregate...

Trade and investment can be effective means of implementation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. However, stand-alone trade and investment liberalization policies aimed at enhancing economic development may have negative side-effects on non-economic facets of sustainable development. As...

The European Union and the Mercosur are presently negotiating a Free Trade Area, and that may improve the conditions of access of Latin American exports to the European market. In a matter of fact, the European Union's Commercial Policy is very discriminatory and is not favorable to Mercosur...

This paper applies a partial equilibrium model to analyze the fiscal revenue implications of the prospective economic partnership agreement between the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the European Union. The authors find that, under standard import price and substitution...

Russia's attempts to create a single economic space with other post-Soviet states proceed against the background of these states' engagement with other regional entities, European Union in particular. Liberal scholars argue for mutual complementarity of diverse regional integration arrangements....

Recent reports from Iraq paint a mixed picture of a country taking steps toward selfgovernance and economic recovery as well as one experiencing waves of violent internecine conflict. In this paper, we analyze weekly price data for 255 goods from the eighteen Iraqi governorates over the years...

A new method for measuring trade potential from border effects is developed and applied to manufactured trade between the old 15 European Union (EU) members and 12 Central and East European (CEE) economies. Border effects are estimated with a theoretically compatible trade specification and much...