This paper applies a nonparametric heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) estimator of error terms in the context of the spatial autoregressive model of GDP per capita convergence of European regions at NUTS 2 level. By introducing the spatial dimension, it looks at how the...

Arguably, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries are not as integrated into the world markets as the EU countries or Southeast Asian countries. Trade flows of the CIS countries are not well diversified in terms of either trading partners or composition of exports. In order to...

In the literature, trade liberalization increases industry productivity through two channels. First, firms increase productivity due to better and wider choice of inputs. In addition, at least theoretically, the mechanism of selection eliminates the least productive firms from the industry. To...

In this paper we use ten-digit trade data that allow an accurate assessment of how the tariff structure of the Russian Federation will change as a result of the phased implementation of its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments between 2012 and 2020 and how it has changed as a result of...

This paper looks at the urban development of transition countries in 1991–2010, primarily focusing on the last decade. Cities in transition face a unique set of challenges that came forth due to interplay of the legacy of socialist urban policies and the transition to the market economy. The...

We examine spatial spillovers in institutional development. Dependent variables are institutional measures reflecting politics, law, and governmental administration. The explanatory variable of interest is the level of institutions in bordering countries—a spatial lag of the dependent...