In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in sample estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation...

The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic led to a large number of studies in household finance, using new high-frequency data in close to real time. This paper surveys household behavior during the pandemic, with a focus on consumption, government policies, credit and investment. The pandemic induced a rapid...

Should regulators disclose private information about the creditworthiness of the companies it supervises? This paper exploits a change in the disclosure policy of the European Central Bank (ECB) in 2020 to make progress on this question. We compare European banks along multiple dimensions before...

We find that price and earnings momentum are pervasive features of international equitymarkets when controlling for data snooping biases. For European countries, we find that pricemomentum is subsumed by earnings momentum on an aggregate level. However, this rationaledoes not apply to each and...

We find that stocks exhibiting high dispersion in analysts’ earnings forecasts do not onlyunderperform in the U.S. but also in many European countries. Testing for the dispersioneffect in many countries calls for adequate multiple testing controls and we show that theU.S. dispersion effect...

International evidence on the accrual anomaly is sparse and conflicting. Testing for accrual mispricing in 28 equity markets, we provide statistical evidence for anomalous returns in some countries. However, we question whether this result might have occurred by chance alone and that it might...