The extent to which physical functioning limitations result in permanent job loss, lowered lifetime income and assets, in part, depends upon the extent to which onset of these limitations becomes permanent. This paper uses five rounds of data from Malawi to examine path dependence in physical...

Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have recently received considerable attention as a potentially innovative and effective approach to the prevention of HIV/AIDS. We evaluate a conditional cash transfer program in rural Malawi which offered financial incentives to men and women to maintain their...