Most cellular automata (CA) urban models assume densities to be uniform for all cells. This is not true in real cities because densities vary substantially from city to city and from urban center to periphery areas. Development density, which affects urban form, is an important factor in urban...

This paper presents a new cellular automata (CA) model which uses artificial neural networks tlsbfor both calibration and simulation. A critical issue for urban CA simulation is how to determine parameter values and define model structures. The simulation of real cities involves the use of many...

Microcredit has gained worldwide acceptance in recent years as a flexible mechanism to expand individuals' (especially the poor's) access to financial services, which is considered as an efficient way to achieve poverty reduction and other social development. A large number of empirical studies...

The impact of microcredit on women's empowerment remains controversial, as documented in the microfinance literature. While some studies claim that microcredit helps women increase their income earning abilities, leading to greater power to overcome cultural asymmetries, others contend that...

This paper examines the factors influencing the accessibility of microcredit by rural households in China. The empirical analysis utilises logistic regression, with data collected through a household survey carried out in one province in China. A total of twelve household-level factors are...

In this study, I empirically estimate the impact of children on women's labor market outcomes (such as work status, work hours and earnings). The identification in a female labor supply model where the fertility is endogenous comes from the assumption that a miscarriage – spontaneous loss...