China's carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have an important impact on global climate change. However, a systematical analysis, especially from the reform and opening up, is still insufficient. Thus, the emissions' decomposition since 1980 was completed by an extended logarithmic mean Divisia index...

We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to solve the continuous-time mean-variance portfolio selection problem in a regime-switching market, where the market regime is unobservable. To encourage exploration for learning, we formulate an exploratory stochastic control problem with an...

Purpose: This study investigates whether listed firms using equity incentive plans (EIPs) adopt more conservative accounting in China's unique corporate setting. Design/methodology/approach: Based on a sample of 2,243 listed firms and 9,950 firm-year observations for the period of 2008–2017,...