This study examines how the foreign currency denomination of external debt influences the currency composition of foreign exchange reserves (FXR). We follow the Gopinath and Stein (2018) framework to construct a theoretical model in which central banks consider the buffer-stock role of FXR when...

In recent decades, there has been a rising share of countries with limited exchange rate flexibility (Ilzetzki et al., 2019), and foreign exchange (FX) intervention is commonly used among emerging market economies. Yet, the positive and normative implications of central banks' FX intervention...

Financial market imperfections severely restrict currency usage in international trade, but formal analysis is elusive.(Gopinath, 2015) This paper develops a three-country sticky price model with financial frictions to address the endogenous invoicing currency choices in international trade. In...

Chinese Interbank Foreign Exchange trading was originally conducted through a centralized, anonymous limit order book (LOB). We determine the impact of the introduction of a parallel decentralized over-the-counter (OTC) market. We find that: (1) most trading migrated to the OTC, (2) the LOB...