Determinants of the aggregate default rate on high-yield bonds have been of interest at least since 1990 - 1991, when the proportion of defaulting issued reached effectively its highest level since the Great Depression. With recovery by the mid-19902, and a new record volume of issuance in 1993,...

Urban competitiveness aids local development by encouraging the exploitation of opportunities for economic development and by enhancing overall performance. Previous studies have evaluated urban competitiveness primarily from an economic perspective and few studies have considered locational...

The aim of this study is to investigate the solution algorithm for solving the problem of determining reliable shortest paths in road networks with stochastic travel times. The availability of reliable shortest paths enables travelers, in the face of travel time uncertainty, to plan their trips...

In this paper, a bi-level Voronoi diagram-based metaheuristic is introduced to solve the large-scale multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP). The upper level of the Voronoi diagram, derived from the depots, is used to allocate customers to depots. The lower level of the Voronoi diagram,...