Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose optimization models for assisting in buyer‐supplier negotiations by effectively considering multiple factors and interrelationships among them. Design/methodology/approach – The approach used in the paper involves a combination of data...

In this study, we examine the relationship between Vertical Integration (VI) and Environmental Performance (EP) to understand the impact of Stakeholder exposure on organizational behavior. We collected data on emissions, environmental initiatives, and financial information in the...