The big data revolution is making vast amounts of information available in all sectors of the economy including health care. One important type of data that is particularly relevant to medicine is observational data from actual practice. In comparison to experimental data from clinical studies,...

This study addresses three important questions concerning personalized health care: (1) Are outcome differences between hospitals heterogeneous across patients? (2) If they are, how valuable is patient-centric information (that accounts for heterogeneity) to patients in selecting a hospital? and...

Every year, nearly 5,000 patients die while waiting for kidney transplants, and yet an estimated 3,500 procured kidneys are discarded. Such a polarized co-existence of dire scarcity and massive wastefulness has been mainly driven by insufficient pooling of cadaveric kidneys across geographic...