During the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries faced difficulties in developing and maintaining a reliable national pandemic vaccination calendar due to uncertainties in vaccine supplies. Deviating from announced calendar decisions caused delays in vaccinations and as a result mistrust of the...

Purpose: Some studies and reports have recently suggested using blockchain technology to improve transparency and trust in humanitarian supply chains (HSCs). However, evidence-based studies to display the utility and applicability of blockchains in HSCs are missing in the literature. This paper...

One of the major challenges for humanitarian organizations in response planning is dealing with the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty in disaster situations. The available information that comes from different sources in postdisaster settings may involve missing elements and inconsistencies,...