How do Muslim countries treat importation of goods that Islamic Law (Sharı'a) considers Haram (forbidden), namely, alcoholic beverages and pork products? Why do they do so? What might Muslim countries do, in accordance with the rules of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and...

This WTO Case Review is the 19th in our annual series on substantive international trade adjudications issued by the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization. Each Review explains and comments on Appellate Body Reports adopted by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) during the preceding...

This WTO Case Review is the 15th in our annual series on substantive international trade adjudications issued by the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization. Each Review explains and comments on Appellate Body reports adopted by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body during the preceding...

This WTO Case Review is the thirteenth in our annual series on substantive international trade adjudications issued by the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization. Each Review explains and comments on Appellate Body reports adopted by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body during the preceding...

The last decade has seen a resurgence of parastatal crop marketing institutions in sub-Saharan Africa, many of which cite improving food security and incomes as key goals. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the welfare effects of these programs. This article considers one such...

The successful development and diffusion of improved maize seed in Zambia during the 1970s–80s was a major achievement of African agriculture but was predicated on a government commitment to parastatal grain and seed marketing, the provision of services to maize growers, and a...

An important hypothesized benefit of large-scale input subsidy programs in Africa is that by raising maize production, the subsidies should put downward pressure on retail maize prices to the benefit of urban consumers and the rural poor who tend to be net food buyers. To inform debates related...

The development and diffusion of hybrid maize in Zambia since the 1970s is a major achievement in African agriculture, but other than profitability studies, analyses of how this process has affected the economic well-being of smallholder farmers have been few. We test the relationship of hybrid...