‘Cyberspace’ became a UN issue in 1998 when Russia first tabled a resolution on ‘Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security’ with the aim of starting negotiation of a treaty to regulate the possible use of ICTs in...

The fact that States resort to automated cyber operations like NotPetya, which spread virally and have indiscriminate effects, raises the question of how the use of these might be regulated. As automated operations have thus far fallen below the threshold of the use of force, the letter of...

This article explores the underlying culture of war sustaining the setting of scenarios within cyberwar games. In particular, it engages with the question of how to simulate a phenomenon that, due to its remoteness, possesses an ambivalent relation to reality. Looking at scenarios of major...