Political powerholders typically prefer to regulate economic conduct for their own political and economic ends. In the Western political tradition, however, a different conception of the relationship between law and economic conduct has long constrained that preference. Here, the regulation of...

Despite its enormous importance in the evolution of competition law in Europe, ordoliberal thought — and German neo-liberal thought generally — has received little attention in the English-speaking world, and it remains all but unknown in the United States. Moreover, except in Germany,...

The controversies that continue to rage over Japan's role in the international economy and, more specifically, its impressive and potentially ominous trade surpluses with the U.S. often circle around the question of what can be done about any of it. In the U.S., it is commonly assumed that an...

Kingman Brewster's exceptionally influential Antitrust and American Business Abroad (1958) came to symbolize an era in antitrust law and in the relationship of U.S. business to international economic activity. It gave conceptual contours to a fundamental problem that had been only dimly...

It is not surprising that scholarship relating to competition law, especially its comparative and international dimensions, has been dominated by scholars based in either law or economics. As obviously important as these two perspectives are, however, they are by themselves often too narrow to...

China will develop its own competition law on its own terms and on the basis of its own institutions, traditions, and goals, as it has in other recent contexts. It is unlikely to accept any foreign model of competition law as its own. In making choices about what kind of competition law to...

John Haley's comparative study of competition law in Germany and Japan is in many ways a pioneering work. It uses comparative analysis to provide insights into the development and operation of competition law in the two countries, and, as the author notes, there has been very little serious...

Two topics have featured in discussions of transnational competition law over the last few years — the evolution of competition law in Asia and the global convergence of competition laws. The role of Asia, especially China, in global competition law development has attracted attention...

Competition law officials and economic policy decision makers in developing countries often face a dilemma. They are often told by foreign advisers that they should adopt a form of competition law that relies on economics to provide the standard for competition law liability – i.e., the norms...