cartel fines in 10 Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and …

Based on an analysis of cartel prosecutions since 2007, this article assesses the way the European Commission has built …

We provide a comprehensive quantitative assessment of cartels and the related cartel enforcement process in the … European Union (EU) from 2001 to 2015. In a first step, we present a detailed characterization of all cartel cases decided by … the European Commission (EC) with respect to various criteria such as the number of involved firm groups, cartel market …

of applications to the European Commission for a reduction of a cartel fine due to an enterprise's "inability to pay …

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the current cartel fine levels of the European Union and the United … results show that on average these cartel overcharges are significantly larger than the criminal fines of either the European …

This article analyzes the first 22 cartel decisions of the European Commission under its 2006 revised fining Guidelines …. I find that the severity of the cartel fines relative to affected sales is about double that of the fines decided under … the previous 1998 Guidelines. Severity varies only modestly across companies in the same cartel. A large minority of EC …

absolute Commission fine. Independent variables fall into four groups: the extent of the cartel’s antitrust injuries; factors … cartel; and controls for time, for changes in EC guidelines, for nationality of the defendant, and for industry …-specific characteristics. The predictive power of the final model is quite satisfactory. We find that EC corporate cartel fines generally …

facilitated. Thefocus here is on the case of a hardcore price cartel.Specific features of harm and damages in antitrust law are …