Economic theory suggests that countries' tariff commitments in trade agreements reflect their import market power at …-Uruguay Round applied tariffs and relying on the theoretical framework of the terms-of-trade motive for trade agreements, we …

in a given sector is affected by past reductions in applied tariffs. Employing an identification strategy based on 'new … measures', we find evidence of a substitution of non-tariff measures for tariffs both in the sample of TBT and in the sample of …. These results are consistent with our theoretical model, which predicts policy substitution between tariffs and standards in …

, unlike other import tariffs, AD duties are not absorbed by exporters. The results on firms' average markups also suggest that …

commitments under trade agreements (multilateral and regional agreements) and applied tariffs- what is also known as tariffs … equivalent to a level of tariffs between 1.7 and 8.7 percentage points. …

' export participation decisions. In the model as in the data, news and increased uncertainty about higher future tariffs …

tariffs around the world improving our understanding of how countries set tariffs substantially. …This paper presents a new global tariff database covering tariffs at the six-digit product level for 197 importing … data and misreporting, almost doubling the number of available tariffs from 2.9 to 5.7 billion. The improvement in the data …

Economic theory suggests that countries' tariff commitments in trade agreements reflect their import market power at …-Uruguay Round applied tariffs and relying on the theoretical framework of the terms-of-trade motive for trade agreements, we …

We estimate the macroeconomic effects of import tariffs and trade policy uncertainty in the United States, combining … persistently, in aggregate and across sectors and space. The general equilibrium import elasticity is -0.8. Historically, NAFTA …