A large population of agents play a public goods game. Agents' subjective payoff differs according to their level of altruism. More altruistic agents generate greater positive externality in Nash equilibrium. The strength of institutions determines the extent to which agents can materially...

In this paper, we study the decision of traditional firms to pursue a digital transformation strategy. While digital transformation enhances value through external value creation, it also makes investments risky. We show that when the investments are very risky (after digital transformation) and...