In economics, some transactions are conducted by the bid rate, and some are conducted by the ask rate. The spread between these two rates creates an essential cost and inefficiency for the economy. Taking these problems into account, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of...

This paper investigates the nature of the output-employment relationship by using the Turkish quarterly data for the period from 1988 to 2008. Even if we fail to find a long-run relationship between aggregate output and total employment, there are long-run relationships for the aggregate output...

This paper investigates the nature of the output-employment relationship by using the Turkish quarterly data for the period from 1988 to 2008. Even though we fail to find a long-run relationship between aggregate output and total employment, there are long-run relationships for the aggregate...

This paper analyzes the effects of the real policy interest rate on the banking sector lending rate, the deposit rate, real stock prices, and the real exchange rate using the Engle Granger cointegration method (EG), the vector error-correction model (VECM), and the nonlinear vector...

This paper investigates output--employment relationships across different employment statuses and formal versus informal employment divisions for Turkey. Even if we fail to find a long-run relationship between aggregate output and total employment, there are long-run relationships between the...

Çalışmada 1996:1-2004:12 dönemi aylık verileri için Çiftçinin Eline Geçen Fiyatlar Endeksi (ÇEF) ile Tüketici Fiyatlar Endeksi (TÜFE), Toptan Eşya Fiyat Endeksi (TEFE) ve döviz kuru arası kointegrasyon ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Endeksler arası kısa dönemli ilişkinin de pozitif...

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the behavior of participation rates in terms of gender differences. We employed smooth autoregressive transition models for the quarterly Turkish labor force participation rates (LFPR) data between 2000: Q1-2011: Q4 to present an...